Costa Rica (Listeni/ˌkɒstə ˈriːkə/; Spanish: [ˈkosta ˈrika]; truly signifying “Rich Coast”), authoritatively the Republic of Costa Rica (Spanish: República de Costa Rica), is a nation in Central America, circumscribed by Nicaragua toward the north, Panama toward the southeast, the Pacific Ocean toward the west, the Caribbean Sea toward the east, and Ecuador toward the south of Cocos Island. It has a populace of around 4.5 million, of whom almost a quarter live in the metropolitan zone of the capital and biggest city, San José.
Costa Rica was meagerly possessed by indigenous individuals before going under Spanish control in the sixteenth century. It remained a fringe settlement of the realm until autonomy as a feature of the fleeting First Mexican Empire, trailed by participation in the United Provinces of Central America, from which it formally proclaimed sway in 1847. From that point forward, Costa Rica has stayed among the most steady, prosperous, and dynamic countries in Latin America. Taking after a brief however wicked common war, it for all time nullified its armed force in 1949, getting to be distinctly one of just a couple of sovereign countries without a standing army.[6][7][8] Costa Rica is a watching individual from the Organization Internationale de la Francophonie (OIF).
The nation has reliably performed positively in the Human Development Index (HDI), putting 69th on the planet starting at 2015, among the most elevated of any Latin American nation.[9] It has additionally been refered to by the United Nations Development Program (UNDP) as having accomplished much higher human improvement than different nations at a similar pay levels, with a superior record on human advancement and imbalance than the middle of the region.[10] Its quickly creating economy, once intensely subject to farming, has expanded to incorporate divisions, for example, fund, pharmaceuticals, and ecotourism.
Costa Rica is known for its dynamic natural approaches, being the main nation to meet each of the five UNDP criteria built up to gauge ecological sustainability.[11] It was positioned 42nd on the planet, and third in the Americas, in the 2016 Environmental Performance Index,[12]was twice positioned the best performing nation in the New Economics Foundation’s (NEF) Happy Planet Index, which measures natural sustainability,[13][14] and was recognized by the NEF as the greenest nation on the planet in 2009.[15] Costa Rica formally plans to wind up distinctly a carbon-nonpartisan nation by 2021.[16][17][18] In 2012, it turned into the principal nation in the Americas to boycott recreational hunting.[19][20]
